Solstice^® 1233zd(E), trans-1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene is a liquid halogenated olefin, which has been developed as a blowing agent for polymer foams. This product is marketed commercially as Honeywell Solstice® Liquid Blowing Agent (LBA). Solstice LBA is primarily intended for use as a low GWP, non-flammable replacement blowing agent for applications where hydrocarbons, HFCs, HCFCs, and other liquid blowing agents are currently used. Solstice LBA is a non-flammable liquid having a room temperature boiling point.

Toxicity
Overall results from a series of genetic studies indicate that Solstice LBA is nonmutagenic and non-teratogenic. Based on extensive toxicity testing, Honeywell has established a preliminary Occupational Exposure Limit (OEL) of 800 ppm. Anyone who uses or handles Solstice LBA should carefully review the MSDS and product label prior to use.

Environmental
Solstice LBA is a halogenated olefin with a GWP 1. As with all materials, care should be taken to avoid releases into the environment. Treatment or disposal of wastes generated by use of this product may be of concern depending on the nature of the wastes and the means of discharge, treatment or disposal.

Applications
Solstice LBA offers a cost effective means of achieving high performance insulation and safety in use with the advantage of a low environmental impact. Solstice LBA has been evaluated in a variety of foam systems and applications including but not limited to refrigerators, freezers, spray foam, and panels. Thermal insulating foams formulated with Solstice LBA generally have excellent thermal insulation properties and equivalent or better dimensional and compressive strength properties compared to foamed plastic insulation manufactured today as HFCs like 245fa.

Miscibility
As reflected in Table 3, Solstice LBA exhibits acceptable miscibility in a wide range of polyols and in polymeric MDI. The miscibility determination procedure: a mixture containing 40 wt.% Solstice LBA and 60 wt.% polyol or polymeric MDI is prepared in a calibrated miscibility tube. The mixture is thoroughly mixed at an elevated temperature. The tube is then placed in a constant temperature bath for 24 hours. The height of the polyol and Solstice LBA is measured and the maximum blowing agent concentration where a single phase solution is observed.